The Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes Based on Cluster Analysis
Mohammed A. H. Al-Falahi*(1) Khalid M. D. Al-Zubaidy(2) and Fathi A. Omar(1)
(1). College of Agricultural and Engineering Science, University of Duhok, Iraq.
(2). College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohammed A. H. Al-Falahi. E-Mail: dr.mohammedali1953@gmail.com).
Received: 21/12/2020 Accepted: 01/02/2021
Abstract
The study included twenty bread wheat genotypes, which were sown during 2019/2020 agricultural season, using randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Station of the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Iraq. The data were recorded on plant height, leaf area, spike length, number and weight of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, grain yield per unit area, and grain yield per hectare. The cluster analysis was conducted with the aim of collecting similar genotypes into homogeneous groups depending on the degree of genetic difference between them. The results showed that the mean square of genotypes was highly significant for all studied traits. The cluster analysis showed that the genotypes were distributed into 14 groups, and the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth groups included one genotype for each of them, they were respectively, Wafia, Al-Rasheed, Latifia, Buhooth 10, IPA 95, Baghdad, Baghdad3 and Variety 158 indicating that these genotypes differed from the others due to their difference in their genetic origins, which is reflected in its performance, as for the other groups, each of them contained two genotypes. It was concluded from the results of the cluster analysis that there was a strong similarity between pairs of the following genotypes: Nora with Sham 6, IPA 99 with Tamoz 2, Babylon 113 with Fatih and Abo-Graib 3 with Pankal, because they had the highest degree of similarity (0.93, 0.91, 0.89 and 0.89 respectively) and the lesser Euclidean distances, and this requires avoiding crossing between these pairs, while the lowest degree of similarity was between the two genotypes, Buhooth 22 and Al-Baraka, which indicated a high genetic variation between them and the other genotypes, which may be due to the variation in the genetic origin, or they had preferred genes that the other genotypes did not have, so it is recommended to crosses those genotypes with those that have shown distinct genetic variation to take advantage of the heterosis and the segregations that result from.
Key words: Bread wheat, Genotypes, Cluster analysis, Similarity.
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How to cite this article – APA Style
Al-Falahi, M. A. H., Al-Zubaidy, K. M. D., & Omar, F. A. (2021). The genetic diversity of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes based on cluster analysis. Research Journal of Science, 2(1), 11–22.