Phenological Traits and Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) at Different Plant Densities

Phenological Traits and Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

 at Different Plant Densities

Entessar Al-Jbawi^*(1) Manal Othman ⁽²⁾ Thamer Al -Henish ⁽²⁾ and Fadi Abbas ⁽³⁾

(1). Agricultural Extension Directorate, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (MAAR), Damascus, Syria.

(2). Crops Research Administration, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Damascus, Syria.

(3). Homs Agricultural Research Center, GCSAR, Homs, Syria.

(*Corresponding author: dr.entessara@gmail.com or dr.entessara@nmail.sy).

Received: 01/11/2022                                 Accepted: 26/12/2022

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Homs Agricultural Research Center, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, during 2021 season, to study the effect of plant density on phenological traits and yield of quinoa. The experiment was laid out according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split plot arrangement with three replicates. Experimental factors included five introduced varieties (Giza, Titicaca, Red Carina, Q26 and NSL) and six plant densities (50×10, 50×15, 50×20, 30×10, 30×15 and 30×20). The results of statistical analysis showed significant differences (P≤0.05) among studied varieties, plant densities (except for vegetative growth and maturity) and interaction between verities and plant densities for all investigated traits. The days to vegetative growth was significantly higher for variety Red carina at density of 30×20 (69.33 days), and variety Q26 at density of 50×20 (68.67 days). while the days to flowering was significantly higher for variety Red carina at densities of 30×15 and 30×20 (122.67 and 122.0 days respectively), and the days to maturity was significantly higher for variety Q26 at density of 50×10 and Red carina at densities of 50×15, 30×15 and 30×10 (149.67 and 148.67 days respectively). The seed yield was significantly higher for variety Giza-1 at density of 50×15 (2068.7 kg/ha) and variety Q26 at density 50×20 (2058.7 kg/ha). The biological yield was significantly higher for variety Q26 at density of 50×20 (6759.3 kg/ha). The harvest index was significantly higher, for variety Giza-1, at density of 50×15 (31.036 %). The study recommends to grow quinoa at density of 50×20 to get the highest seed yield. In terms of quinoa varieties, Q26 achieved the highest seed yield, Giza-1 and Titicaca exhibit best results for phenological traits.

Keywords: Phenological traits, Yield, Quinoa, Plant densities.

v3n2p4

 

Download full Paper: