Investigation of Insect Chromosomes Using Some Cytogenetic Methods

Review Article

Investigation of Insect Chromosomes Using Some Cytogenetic Methods

Safa Salah Salman⁽¹⁾ and Dhefaf Radhi Mahdi*⁽²⁾

(1). Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Al-Iraqia University. Iraq.

(2). Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tikrit University, Iraq.

(*Corresponding author: Dr. Dhefaf Radhi Mahdi. E-Mail: dhefaf.radi@tu.edu.iq).

Received: 01/10/2020                                 Accepted: 20/10/2020

Abstract

Chromosomes are the secret of the transmission of the characteristics of parents to children, and this applies to all plants, animals and single cells. Chromosomes carry genes, and determine the type and characteristics of the next generation. There are some insects that scatter and leave their eggs, and others lay their eggs in tree trunks or in dead animal tissues or stick eggs on the back of the male after intercourse. And cockroaches and grasshoppers lay their eggs closed in a spongy substance that forms a mass of eggs, and few types of insects do not depend on fertilization, as unfertilized eggs lay half the number of chromosomes to multiply and grow as if fertile, and their females do not need to mate, and this is common in aphids and small insects that feed on juice plants, especially in the spring, when food juice is abundant, and when food is scarce in summer, they resort to sexual reproduction. In sum, it can be said that most insects make sure that their eggs are close to a source of food after they lay it.

Keywords: Chromosome number, Insect, Cytogenetic Methods, classification, Cytogenetic variants.
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